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Braille Translator
Type English and copy it in braille: ⠠⠓⠑⠇⠇⠕. To read braille, paste it in the second box.
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- Braille⠠⠓⠑⠇⠇⠕ ⠠⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙
The braille alphabet
Each letter is one cell of six dots. The dots are numbered 1, 2 and 3 down the left column and 4, 5 and 6 down the right.
| Braille | Dots | |
|---|---|---|
| a | ⠁ | 1 |
| b | ⠃ | 1-2 |
| c | ⠉ | 1-4 |
| d | ⠙ | 1-4-5 |
| e | ⠑ | 1-5 |
| f | ⠋ | 1-2-4 |
| g | ⠛ | 1-2-4-5 |
| h | ⠓ | 1-2-5 |
| i | ⠊ | 2-4 |
| j | ⠚ | 2-4-5 |
| k | ⠅ | 1-3 |
| l | ⠇ | 1-2-3 |
| m | ⠍ | 1-3-4 |
| n | ⠝ | 1-3-4-5 |
| o | ⠕ | 1-3-5 |
| p | ⠏ | 1-2-3-4 |
| q | ⠟ | 1-2-3-4-5 |
| r | ⠗ | 1-2-3-5 |
| s | ⠎ | 2-3-4 |
| t | ⠞ | 2-3-4-5 |
| u | ⠥ | 1-3-6 |
| v | ⠧ | 1-2-3-6 |
| w | ⠺ | 2-4-5-6 |
| x | ⠭ | 1-3-4-6 |
| y | ⠽ | 1-3-4-5-6 |
| z | ⠵ | 1-3-5-6 |
Braille numbers
A number starts with the numeric indicator ⠼ (dots 3-4-5-6); the digits 1 to 9 and 0 use the same cells as the letters a to j. One indicator covers the whole number, including a decimal point or comma inside it: 3.5 is ⠼⠉⠲⠑.
| Braille | Dots | How it's built | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ⠼⠁ | 3-4-5-6, 1 | numeric indicator + a |
| 2 | ⠼⠃ | 3-4-5-6, 1-2 | numeric indicator + b |
| 3 | ⠼⠉ | 3-4-5-6, 1-4 | numeric indicator + c |
| 4 | ⠼⠙ | 3-4-5-6, 1-4-5 | numeric indicator + d |
| 5 | ⠼⠑ | 3-4-5-6, 1-5 | numeric indicator + e |
| 6 | ⠼⠋ | 3-4-5-6, 1-2-4 | numeric indicator + f |
| 7 | ⠼⠛ | 3-4-5-6, 1-2-4-5 | numeric indicator + g |
| 8 | ⠼⠓ | 3-4-5-6, 1-2-5 | numeric indicator + h |
| 9 | ⠼⠊ | 3-4-5-6, 2-4 | numeric indicator + i |
| 0 | ⠼⠚ | 3-4-5-6, 2-4-5 | numeric indicator + j |
Capitals and numbers: the indicators
| Braille | Dots | Rule | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | ⠠⠁ | 6, 1 | Capital letter: dot 6 before the letter (rule 8.3) |
| OK | ⠠⠠⠕⠅ | 6, 6, 1-3-5, 1-3 | Word in capitals: two capital signs (rule 8.4) |
| WE ARE OPEN | ⠠⠠⠠⠺⠑ ⠁⠗⠑ ⠕⠏⠑⠝⠠⠄ | 6, 6, 6, 2-4-5-6, 1-5, space, 1, 1-2-3-5, 1-5, space, 1-3-5, 1-2-3-4, 1-5, 1-3-4-5, 6, 3 | Three or more words in capitals: three capital signs at the start and the capitals terminator ⠠⠄ after the last letter (rules 8.5 and 8.6) |
| ABCs | ⠠⠠⠁⠃⠉⠠⠄⠎ | 6, 6, 1, 1-2, 1-4, 6, 3, 2-3-4 | Lowercase after capitals in the same word: capitals terminator (rule 8.6.3) |
| 42 | ⠼⠙⠃ | 3-4-5-6, 1-4-5, 1-2 | Numeric indicator before a number (rule 6.1) |
| 3c | ⠼⠉⠰⠉ | 3-4-5-6, 1-4, 5-6, 1-4 | Grade 1 indicator before a letter a–j that follows a digit (rule 6.5.2) |
Accented letters
In Unified English Braille an accent is a sign written before its letter (rule 4.2.1).
| Braille | Dots of the accent sign | Accent | |
|---|---|---|---|
| é | ⠘⠌⠑ | 4-5, 3-4 | acute accent |
| è | ⠘⠡⠑ | 4-5, 1-6 | grave accent |
| ê | ⠘⠩⠑ | 4-5, 1-4-6 | circumflex accent |
| ñ | ⠘⠻⠝ | 4-5, 1-2-4-5-6 | tilde |
| ü | ⠘⠒⠥ | 4-5, 2-5 | diaeresis |
| ç | ⠘⠯⠉ | 4-5, 1-2-3-4-6 | cedilla |
| å | ⠘⠫⠁ | 4-5, 1-2-4-6 | ring above |
| č | ⠘⠬⠉ | 4-5, 3-4-6 | caron |
| ğ | ⠈⠬⠛ | 4, 3-4-6 | breve |
| ā | ⠈⠤⠁ | 4, 3-6 | macron |
Punctuation and symbols
The question mark and the opening double quotation mark share the same cell (⠦); in the braille-to-text box, the cell at the start of a word is read as a quotation mark.
| Braille | Dots | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|
| , | ⠂ | 2 | comma |
| ; | ⠆ | 2-3 | semicolon |
| : | ⠒ | 2-5 | colon |
| . | ⠲ | 2-5-6 | full stop |
| ! | ⠖ | 2-3-5 | exclamation mark |
| ? | ⠦ | 2-3-6 | question mark |
| “ | ⠦ | 2-3-6 | left double quotation mark |
| ” | ⠴ | 3-5-6 | right double quotation mark |
| ‘ | ⠠⠦ | 6, 2-3-6 | left single quotation mark |
| ’ | ⠠⠴ | 6, 3-5-6 | right single quotation mark |
| « | ⠸⠦ | 4-5-6, 2-3-6 | left-pointing double angle quotation mark |
| » | ⠸⠴ | 4-5-6, 3-5-6 | right-pointing double angle quotation mark |
| " | ⠠⠶ | 6, 2-3-5-6 | quotation mark |
| ' | ⠄ | 3 | apostrophe |
| ( | ⠐⠣ | 5, 1-2-6 | left parenthesis |
| ) | ⠐⠜ | 5, 3-4-5 | right parenthesis |
| [ | ⠨⠣ | 4-6, 1-2-6 | left square bracket |
| ] | ⠨⠜ | 4-6, 3-4-5 | right square bracket |
| < | ⠈⠣ | 4, 1-2-6 | less-than sign |
| > | ⠈⠜ | 4, 3-4-5 | greater-than sign |
| { | ⠸⠣ | 4-5-6, 1-2-6 | left curly bracket |
| } | ⠸⠜ | 4-5-6, 3-4-5 | right curly bracket |
| / | ⠸⠌ | 4-5-6, 3-4 | solidus |
| \ | ⠸⠡ | 4-5-6, 1-6 | reverse solidus |
| - | ⠤ | 3-6 | hyphen-minus |
| – | ⠠⠤ | 6, 3-6 | en dash |
| — | ⠐⠠⠤ | 5, 6, 3-6 | em dash |
| _ | ⠨⠤ | 4-6, 3-6 | low line |
| … | ⠲⠲⠲ | 2-5-6, 2-5-6, 2-5-6 | horizontal ellipsis |
| @ | ⠈⠁ | 4, 1 | commercial at |
| ¢ | ⠈⠉ | 4, 1-4 | cent sign |
| € | ⠈⠑ | 4, 1-5 | euro sign |
| £ | ⠈⠇ | 4, 1-2-3 | pound sign |
| $ | ⠈⠎ | 4, 2-3-4 | dollar sign |
| ¥ | ⠈⠽ | 4, 1-3-4-5-6 | yen sign |
| & | ⠈⠯ | 4, 1-2-3-4-6 | ampersand |
| ^ | ⠈⠢ | 4, 2-6 | circumflex accent |
| ~ | ⠈⠔ | 4, 3-5 | tilde |
| © | ⠘⠉ | 4-5, 1-4 | copyright sign |
| ° | ⠘⠚ | 4-5, 2-4-5 | degree sign |
| ¶ | ⠘⠏ | 4-5, 1-2-3-4 | pilcrow sign |
| ® | ⠘⠗ | 4-5, 1-2-3-5 | registered sign |
| § | ⠘⠎ | 4-5, 2-3-4 | section sign |
| ™ | ⠘⠞ | 4-5, 2-3-4-5 | trade mark sign |
| ♀ | ⠘⠭ | 4-5, 1-3-4-6 | female sign |
| ♂ | ⠘⠽ | 4-5, 1-3-4-5-6 | male sign |
| # | ⠸⠹ | 4-5-6, 1-4-5-6 | number sign |
| • | ⠸⠲ | 4-5-6, 2-5-6 | bullet |
| + | ⠐⠖ | 5, 2-3-5 | plus sign |
| = | ⠐⠶ | 5, 2-3-5-6 | equals sign |
| × | ⠐⠦ | 5, 2-3-6 | multiplication sign |
| * | ⠐⠔ | 5, 3-5 | asterisk |
| ÷ | ⠐⠌ | 5, 3-4 | division sign |
| − | ⠐⠤ | 5, 3-6 | minus sign |
| % | ⠨⠴ | 4-6, 3-5-6 | percent sign |
| → | ⠳⠕ | 1-2-5-6, 1-3-5 | rightwards arrow |
| ↓ | ⠳⠩ | 1-2-5-6, 1-4-6 | downwards arrow |
| ← | ⠳⠪ | 1-2-5-6, 2-4-6 | leftwards arrow |
| ↑ | ⠳⠬ | 1-2-5-6, 3-4-6 | upwards arrow |
| ✓ | ⠈⠩ | 4, 1-4-6 | check mark |
| † | ⠈⠠⠹ | 4, 6, 1-4-5-6 | dagger |
| ‡ | ⠈⠠⠻ | 4, 6, 1-2-4-5-6 | double dagger |
| ′ | ⠶ | 2-3-5-6 | prime |
| ″ | ⠶⠶ | 2-3-5-6, 2-3-5-6 | double prime |
What this translator writes
It follows Unified English Braille (UEB), the code set out by the International Council on English Braille in The Rules of Unified English Braille. The rules used here come from the third edition of that rulebook (2024), and its own examples for numbers, capitals, accents and punctuation are used to check the results.
It writes uncontracted braille, also called grade 1, where every letter is spelled out. English braille also has contractions, shorter signs for common words and groups of letters (section 10 of the rulebook); this tool doesn't use them.
Capitals and numbers
- A capital letter gets ⠠ (dot 6) in front: “Hi” is ⠠⠓⠊.
- A word in capitals gets two: “OK” is ⠠⠠⠕⠅.
- A number starts with ⠼ and uses the cells of a to j for 1 to 0: 2026 is ⠼⠃⠚⠃⠋.
- A letter from a to j right after a digit gets ⠰ first, so it isn't read as a digit: “3c” is ⠼⠉⠰⠉.
Braille on a screen
The dots you copy are characters from Unicode's Braille Patterns block, part of Unicode since Unicode 3.0 (1999). They show the pattern of the dots, so you can paste them into a message, a design or a worksheet. Braille itself is read by touch: embossed on paper or shown on a refreshable braille display. Printing these characters on ordinary paper shows the pattern but doesn't raise the dots.
Frequently asked questions
Is this grade 1 or grade 2 braille?
Grade 1 (uncontracted): every letter is written out. Grade 2 adds contractions for common words and letter groups.
Can it translate braille back into English?
Yes, uncontracted braille: paste it into the second box. A contracted (grade 2) sign can stand for a whole word, so those signs are left as they are instead of guessed.
How do you write numbers in braille?
With the numeric indicator ⠼ and then the cells of the letters a to j for the digits 1 to 0: 1 is ⠼⠁, 10 is ⠼⠁⠚ and 2026 is ⠼⠃⠚⠃⠋.
How do you write a capital letter in braille?
Put ⠠ (dot 6) before the letter: A is ⠠⠁. A whole word in capitals takes two: ⠠⠠⠽⠑⠎.
Why do some characters stay the same?
Characters with no UEB sign in this translator, like emoji, are left as they are so you can see them.